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At the request of international assistance made by the government of the former Soviet Union, Cuba quickly responded and sent a group of specialists to Ukraine in 1990 to assess the problem magnitude and the type of aid to be provided; a group of patients was selected and the first 139 children carrying several oncohematological diseases arrived in Cuba on March 29th, 1990. They were directly seen at the Institute of Hematology in the capital and at the oncology service of “Juan Manuel Márquez” pediatric hospital.

Through talks with the political and medical authorities that accompanied this group, it was learned that a higher number of patients needed medical assistance, and the decision was made to extend co-operation in this field.  On July 1990, the massive arrival of children from Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine occurred.
Cuba has financed and developed this humanitarian program for more than 15 years, even during the most difficult times of the so called “special period”.  These children and their relatives continued coming to Cuba that was the only nation which organized a free comprehensive health program for assisting children related to the Chernobil accident.